ellison



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

0. A. ELLISON.

TWO WEE-BLED VEHICLE.

N0. 391,235. Patented Oct. 16, 1888. v

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

0. A. ELLISON.

TWO WHEELED VBHIOLE.

No. 391.235. Patented Oct. 16, 1888.

vents z, v

(No Model.) s sneets -sheep a. 0. A. ELLISONY TWO WHEELED VEHICLE.

No. 391,235. Patented 0ct. 16, 1888.

N, PETERS. Pwwuuw m mn Washingion, D. L.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFTICE.

CHARLES AUGUSTUS ELLISON, OF MINEOLA, NEW YORK.

TWQ-WH EELED VEHICLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No 391,235, dated October16, 1888.

Application filed August 1, 1887. Serial No. 245,879. (No morlel.l

T0 aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES AUGUSTUS ELLISON, of Mineola, in the countyof Queens and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Two- WVheeled Vehicles; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in carriages, and relates moreparticularly to that class of carriages known as two-wheeled vehicles orsulkies, the object of the same being to provide a neat and durablevehicle the body of which may be made in different styles.

A further object is to provide means whereby the weight of the body andcontents is kept from the center of the axle.

A further object is to provide suitable means whereby the body of thevehicle may be ad justed to horses of different heights.

A further object is to provide approved means of connection between thebottom of the wagon and the side bars.

XVith these ends in view my invention consists in certain features ofconstruction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafterdescribed, and pointedout in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in perspective of aportion of a twowheeled vehicle embodying my invention. Fig. 2 isalongitudinal sectional View of same. Figs. 8, t, 5, and 6 are views ofthe principal parts detached. Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are views of modifiedforms ofsidesprings, front spring, and rock er-blocks.

A represents the axle, which is of any wellknown and approvedconstruction. A pair of elliptic springs, B, is secured to the axle byclips I), the said springs occupying positions transversely to the axleand consisting, preferably, of leaves having opposite ears that lock onthe edges of the adjacent leaf, these locks being bent on. one side ofeach leaf to overlap the adjacentleaves, but oppositely located onalternate leaves, and similar but shorter ears opposite theseoverlapping ears are adapted to rest against the edges of the leaveswithout overlapping them, thus holding the leaves together, butpermitting them to be separated at pleasure. The springs B are deflectedslightly inwardly, thereby greatly relieving the weight on the center ofthe axle. To the tops of the springs B is secured a pair of similarrocker-blocks, O C. These rocker-blocks consist, preferably, of twoareshaped pieces of wood or metal having their rounded faces in contactwith each other and provided on their top and bottom faces,respectively, with perforations a a a and slots a" a (1,, to allow oftheinsertion of connectinglinks I) Z) If, made, preferably, of metal andsecured in the rocker-blocks by bolts b passing through perforations inthe side faces of said rocker-blocks and through perforations in theends of the connecting -links I) 1) h The slots and perforations are soformed that the ends of two links are secured in one end of therockerblocks, while the other link passes between and, crossing them, issecured in the end of the other rocker-block. These rockerblocks areespecially adapted to relieve the end tilting of the springs when weightis imposed on them, they yielding with an easy rocking motion, allowingthe springs to settle on a level and prevent tilting. These blocks aresecured to the side bars, 0, by clips b The shafts D are coupled to theaxle A in a manner quitesimilar to that shown in theordinary couplingsof shafts to front axles of fourwheeled vehicles, and are therebyallowed to play up or down without tilting the axle or straining thesprings or shafts. At a point a short distance forward of the cross-barc the shafts are firmly united by a crossbar, E, to which thewhiffletree e is secured. A semielliptic or open V-shaped spring, F,composed of one or more leaves, is secured to the middle of thecross-bar 0, its ends resting in nearly, if not quite, ahorizontal planewith the cross bar E. A second semi-elliptic spring, G, is

secured in a horizontal position to the under side of the crossbar E,its ends being coupled 5 to the ends of the spring F as follows: The

ends of the spring G, which terminate in angular projections ff, areslotted, the portions on each side of said slots,being bent into theshape of eyes 0', while the spring F, which also terminates inaprojection, c isprovided with spaced perforations h, adapted to admitof a pin or bolt passing through the eyes and the perforations-h whenthe ends of the spring F are inserted into the projections ff of thespring G, and thereby allow of the vertical adjustment of the body.

K represents the vehicle-body, here shown in a buggy form, its rear endbeing connected with the side bars by supports or straps If and itsfront end being secured to the crossbar 0 of said vehicle.

H H represent supporting braces, which are made, preferably, of metaland inverted'Y shape in construction, the said braces straddling theaxle above the bottom, and thereby serving a double purpose, first, forpreventing the body from sagging, (the braces being connected to theside bars at the top and the bottom;) and, secondly, to catch the axleshould a springbreak, and thereby prevent overturning.

Strengthening-braces I, secured to the axle at one end and to the shaftsat the other, strengthen the latter and prevent the shafts from becomingdetached from the axle.

Straps L, similar in construction to the straps If, hereinabovedescribed, are secured to the cross-bar c and the under side of thebottom F, and serve as an additional means for preventing the bottomfrom sagging or becoming detached from the frame.

A seat, It, is so located'that the weight of the occupant will be overthe axle.

In the modification, Fig. 8, A represents two inwardly-deflecting piecesof metal secured together at their ends in any well-known manner, andmay be used instead of the side springs, B.

In the modification, Fig. 7, the rocker-blocks G O are connected ontheir outer and inner faces by crossstrips i made of metal and securedin the form of an X to the upper and lower rocker-blocks by bolts i.

In the modification, Fig. 9, the front springs, F and G, are formed in asingle piece integral with and at right angles to each other, one leafadapted to be secured to the cross-bar c and the other to the crossbarE.

Many slight changes might be resorted to in the form and arrangement ofthe several parts described without departing from thespirit and scopeof my invention; hence I wish to be distinctly understood as notlimiting myself strictly to the exact construction herein set forth;but,

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by. Letters Patent, is p 1. In a vehicle, the combination, withan axle and body, of an elliptical spring connecting the axle and body,said spring being composed of several leaves, each of which is pro.Vided with ears on one side adapted to overlap the adjacent leaf, thesaid leaves being arranged whereby the ears of any two adjacent leavesare on opposite sides of the spring.

2. An elliptical deflecting vehicle-spring composed of several leaves,each of which is provided with ears adapted to overlap the adjacentleaves, said overlapping ears being cated alternately onoppositesides,and shorter ears adapted to rest against the edges of the leavesopposite each overlapping ear, substantially as set forth.

3. In a vehicle, the combination, with an axle-body and ellipticalspring, of rockerblocks connecting the elliptical spring to the body,said blocks being loosely connected by links, substantially as setforth.

4. A rocker block composed of sections hinged together by links,substantially as set forth.

5. An elliptic spring composed of leaves joined together by bendingalternate ears ofone leaf around the other leaf or leaves, substantiallyas set forth.

6. In a two-wheeled vehicle, the combination, with a body, of devicessecured to the side rail and bottom straddling the axle to prevent saidbottom from sagging, substantially as set forth.

7. In a two-wheeled vehicle, the combination,with an axle, ofinwardly-deflecting side springs secured thereon and a pair of side barssecured on said springs, a cross-bar connecting the side bars, and aspring composed of two leaves connected at right angles to each otherand connecting the front cross-bar with the bar that supports thewhifflctree, substan- IIO inverted position by links having perforationsin their ends and passing through perforations formed in the top facesof said blocks for the purpose of bolting together, substantially as setforth.

10. In a twowheeled vehicle, the combination,with an axle, ofinwardly-deflecting side springs secured thereon, of rocker-blocksattached to the upper portions of the side springs,

and a-Y-shaped brace for connecting the side rails with the body,substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereofI have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES AUGUSTUS ELLISON. Witnesses:

GEORGE S. EMORY, EUGENE BOND.

